Birth and death of neuropeptide Y receptor genes in relation to the teleost fish tetraploidization

Gene
E SalaneckD Larhammar

Abstract

Extensive evidence exists for a genome duplication in the fish lineage leading to the species-rich clade of the teleosts, comprising > 99% of the known actinopterygian (ray-finned) fish species. Our previous studies of the neuropeptide Y receptor (NPYR) gene family suggested an ancestral gnathostome repertoire of 7 genes in 3 subfamilies. However, studies in the zebrafish have earlier identified only 5 NPYR genes, despite the expected increase in gene number due to the teleost tetraploidization. Notably, receptors Y(1), Y(5) and Y(6) were missing in the zebrafish genome database and only Y(8) had been duplicated. We report here an investigation of the evolutionary history of the Y(1) subfamily (Y(1), Y(4), Y(6) and Y(8)) and the Y(5) receptor. Seven basal actinopterygian species and a shark were investigated and a total of 22 gene fragments were cloned and analyzed. Our results show that subtypes Y(1), Y(5) and Y(6) still exist in species representing basal actinopterygian lineages (bichir, sturgeon, gar and bowfin) as well as in some basal teleost lineages. Surprisingly we identified a zebrafish Y(1) receptor, the first Y(1) receptor found in euteleosts. Thus, these findings confirm the ancestral gnathostome repertoire of 7 NP...Continue Reading

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