PMID: 9445496Jan 31, 1998Paper

Birth outcome from a prospective, matched study of prenatal crack/cocaine use: I. Interactive and dose effects on health and growth

Pediatrics
F D EylerK Wobie

Abstract

This prospective, longitudinal project was designed to determine the effects of prenatal cocaine use on the pregnancy outcomes of women from a historically understudied rural public health population. We interviewed over 2500 women prenatally, identified 154 cocaine users, and matched 154 controls on race, parity, socioeconomic status, and location of prenatal care (that related to level of pregnancy risk). Drug testing was required at enrollment and at delivery; detailed demographic, psychosocial, and drug histories were taken at each available trimester and follow-up visit. After birth, neonatal nurse practitioners, blinded to maternal history of drug use, examined infants to assess gestational age and take growth measurements. Medical charts were reviewed and the Hobel Risk Scale was completed. Compared with controls, the cocaine users had significantly higher Hobel Prenatal and Total Risk Scores and more preterm infants (28 vs 14), but not a significantly greater number of fetal deaths (3 vs 1). After controlling for the effects of marijuana, alcohol, and tobacco use, the following results remained. There was no difference in gestational age, Ponderal Index, birth weight, or length between infants born to cocaine users and ...Continue Reading

Citations

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