Bistability, Causality, and Complexity in Cortical Networks: An In Vitro Perturbational Study

Cerebral Cortex
Mattia D'AndolaM V Sanchez-Vives

Abstract

Measuring the spatiotemporal complexity of cortical responses to direct perturbations provides a reliable index of the brain's capacity for consciousness in humans under both physiological and pathological conditions. Upon loss of consciousness, the complex pattern of causal interactions observed during wakefulness collapses into a stereotypical slow wave, suggesting that cortical bistability may play a role. Bistability is mainly expressed in the form of slow oscillations, a default pattern of activity that emerges from cortical networks in conditions of functional or anatomical disconnection. Here, we employ an in vitro model to understand the relationship between bistability and complexity in cortical circuits. We adapted the perturbational complexity index applied in humans to electrically stimulated cortical slices under different neuromodulatory conditions. At this microscale level, we demonstrate that perturbational complexity can be effectively modulated by pharmacological reduction of bistability and, albeit to a lesser extent, by enhancement of excitability, providing mechanistic insights into the macroscale measurements performed in humans.

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Citations

Jun 9, 2017·Neuron·Maria V Sanchez-VivesMaurizio Mattia
Nov 16, 2019·Journal of Neuroengineering and Rehabilitation·Edgard MoryaAlexandre Hideki Okano
Dec 24, 2019·Frontiers in Systems Neuroscience·Jennifer S GoldmanAlain Destexhe
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May 6, 2020·Experimental Brain Research·Marta CastellanoGiulio Ruffini
Aug 14, 2020·Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews·Georg Northoff, Victor Lamme
May 22, 2021·Advanced Science·Almudena Barbero-CastilloPau Gorostiza
Jun 24, 2021·Cell Reports·Núria Tort-ColetMaurizio Mattia
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Sep 13, 2020·Clinical Neurophysiology : Official Journal of the International Federation of Clinical Neurophysiology·A ComanducciM Massimini
Sep 11, 2021·AJNR. American Journal of Neuroradiology·D D ReddyJ A Maldjian

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