BK virus encephalitis in an immunocompetent patient

Archives of Neurology
R VoltzR Hohlfeld

Abstract

To describe a previously healthy patient now suffering from monophasic encephalitis caused by a primary infection with BK virus and to discuss possible risk factors for developing BK virus encephalitis. Case report. Referral hospital. The patient was examined on referral. The main diagnostic tests performed were serology, polymerase chain reaction on cerebrospinal fluid samples, and cranial magnetic resonance imaging. During the course of the patient's encephalitis, an IgM titer developed against polyomavirus, followed by anti-polyomavirus IgG. Wild-type BK virus was demonstrated in cerebrospinal fluid samples. Cranial magnetic resonance imaging showed diffuse reversible white matter changes most prominent on T2-weighted images. We conclude that diagnostic tests for BK, a human polyomavirus, should be included in the screening program for encephalitogenic pathogens.

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