Black phosphorus quantum dots: synthesis, properties, functionalized modification and applications

Chemical Society Reviews
Rijun GuiJinghong Li

Abstract

Zero-dimensional (0D) black phosphorus quantum dots (BPQDs) are emerging functional nanomaterials. 0D BPQDs are a new form of black phosphorus (BP) nanostructures that were first prepared in 2015; they are different from typical two-dimensional (2D) BP layered nanosheets and one-dimensional (1D) BP nanoribbons. Since 2015, numerous studies have been devoted to exploring various synthetic methods, properties and modifications of BPQDs, which exhibit a broad range of applications. This review systematically summarizes PBQDs for the first time. Different synthetic methods are reviewed, including ultrasonic and electrochemical exfoliation, solvothermal treatment, blender breaking, milling crushing and pulsed laser irradiation. We highlight the physicochemical properties of BPQDs from theoretical models and discuss their experimentally observed properties. The surface modifications and functionalized combination of BPQDs with other substances are summarized by illustrating different hybrid structures, such as BPQDs/nanosheets hybrids, BPQDs-doping films, BPQDs-molecules complexes, polymers-modified BPQDs, and the assembly of BPQDs in devices. The potential applications of BPQDs are demonstrated in current research fields, including ...Continue Reading

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
atomic force microscopy
AFM
dynamic light scattering
X-ray
electron transistor
chemical vapor deposition
2
transfection
fluorescence microscopy
fluorescence imaging

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