Bleomycin genotoxicity and amifostine (WR-2721) cell protection in normal leukocytes vs. K562 tumoral cells

Biochemical Pharmacology
Annamaria BuschiniCarlo Rossi

Abstract

Recent advances in chemotherapy have focused on the benefit of high dose regimens, increasing the dose intensity of conventional chemotherapy. However, unacceptable cytotoxicity and genotoxicity on normal cells often impairs the proper management of patients. Phosphoaminothiol WR-1065, the active metabolite of amifostine, appears to protect normal cells and tissues against cytotoxic exposure to radiation or chemotherapeutic agents. Nevertheless, there is disagreement in findings on amifostine protection against bleomycin-induced severe side effects which have suggested that amifostine effectiveness against bleomycin-induced genotoxicity in normal leukocytes and tumour line cells K562 be studied. DNA damage was detected by single cell gel electrophoresis (or Comet) assay, a technique able to detect DNA strand breaks, alkali-labile sites and incomplete excision repair events in individual cells and which appears to be an ideal tool for assessing variability in response of different cell types in vitro. WR-2721 appears to selectively protect healthy leukocytes but not K562 tumoral cells. On the other hand, data on the inter- and intra-individual sensitivity to bleomycin and amifostine suggest that individual metabolic/genetic diff...Continue Reading

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Citations

Apr 25, 2012·Archives of Toxicology·Supriya SwarnkarChandishwar Nath
Feb 9, 2005·Cancer Chemotherapy and Pharmacology·Luciano VellónIrene Larripa
Dec 17, 2008·Environmental Health Perspectives·Veronika A EhrlichSiegfried Knasmüller
Aug 24, 2007·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·Peggy RegulusJean-Luc Ravanat
Aug 1, 2012·Neurochemical Research·Supriya SwarnkarChandishwar Nath
Nov 28, 2014·Molecular Neurobiology·Poonam GoswamiSarika Singh
Oct 7, 2008·Basic & Clinical Pharmacology & Toxicology·Su Jin KangHai Won Chung
Feb 13, 2007·Biochemical Pharmacology·Annamaria BuschiniPaola Poli
Jun 27, 2015·Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology·Poonam GoswamiSarika Singh
Mar 3, 2015·Mutation Research. Genetic Toxicology and Environmental Mutagenesis·Sonam GuptaSarika Singh
May 24, 2017·Molecules : a Journal of Synthetic Chemistry and Natural Product Chemistry·Michal HoferMartin Falk
Oct 25, 2016·Toxicology Mechanisms and Methods·Nasrin Ghassemi-BarghiAbbas Jafarian-Dehkordi
Sep 17, 2008·Molecules : a Journal of Synthetic Chemistry and Natural Product Chemistry·Ricardo M CameloMiriam T P Lopes

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