Blockade of TLR4 Within the Paraventricular Nucleus Attenuates Blood Pressure by Regulating ROS and Inflammatory Cytokines in Prehypertensive Rats

American Journal of Hypertension
Mo-Lin WangYu-Ming Kang

Abstract

Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) has been implicated in the progression of cardiovascular disease, including hypertension. However, the role of TLR4 in the development of prehypertension is uncertain. Prehypertensive rats were treated with 8% salt for 12 weeks to induce prehypertension. These rats were then given either TAK-242 selective TLR4 blocker, or vehicle by bilateral micro-injection to the paraventricular nucleus (PVN). Blood pressure (BP) and renal sympathetic nerve activity were recorded. PVN expression of TLR4, myeloid differentiation factor 88 (Myd88), nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) p65, proinflammation cytokines (PICs), interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase 2 (NOX2), NADPH oxidase 4 (NOX4), Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase (SOD) level, tyrosine hydroxylase, and 67 kDa isoform of glutamate decarboxylase (GAD67) were tested to determine the influence of TLR4 blockade. TLR4 expression increased significantly in the PVN of high-salt groups with a corresponding increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS) and PICs. TLR4 blockade significantly reduced the signaling molecules downstream TLR4 and the expression of TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β, decreased ROS, NOX...Continue Reading

References

Jan 18, 2006·Cell Death and Differentiation·T Kawai, S Akira
Aug 1, 2006·American Journal of Physiology. Heart and Circulatory Physiology·Yi-Fan LiKaushik P Patel
Jan 20, 2010·Free Radical Biology & Medicine·Roop GillTimothy Billiar
Sep 24, 2010·American Journal of Physiology. Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology·Alexandre A VieiraJohn P Collister
Jan 21, 2011·Hypertension Research : Official Journal of the Japanese Society of Hypertension·Ruth EisslerMarcus Baumann
Apr 5, 2012·Clinical and Experimental Hypertension : CHE·Ayse GogebakanEngin Sahna
Jun 1, 2013·The Journal of Clinical Investigation·Helge WiigJens Titze
Oct 16, 2013·Biological Chemistry·Jérôme LugrinLucas Liaudet
Dec 18, 2013·Biological Psychiatry·Monica TramullasJohn F Cryan
May 20, 2014·Cardiovascular Research·Jawahar L MehtaMagomed Khaidakov
Jul 14, 2016·The Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics·Alexandra E Soto-PiñaRandy Strong
Mar 10, 2017·Electrolyte & Blood Pressure : E & BP·Yu Ho LeeSang Ho Lee

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Citations

Jul 8, 2018·British Journal of Pharmacology·Kenia Pedrosa NunesVinicia Campana Biancardi
Jul 4, 2018·British Journal of Pharmacology·Gisele Facholi BomfimFernando S Carneiro
Jul 3, 2020·American Journal of Hypertension·Iñaki Robles-VeraJuan Duarte
Jul 19, 2019·Mediators of Inflammation·Zhimei WangJunjie Zhang

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Related Concepts

Related Feeds

Cardiovascular Diseases: Risk Factors

Cardiovascular disease is a significant health concern. Risk factors include hypertension, obesity, dyslipidemia and smoking. Women who are postmenopausal are at an increased risk of heart disease. Here is the latest research for risk factors of cardiovascular disease.

Cardiovascular Inflammation

Inflammation plays a significant role in the development of cardiovascular diseases, an understanding of these endogenous processes is critical for evaluating the risks and potential treatment strategies. Discover the latest research on cardiovascular inflammation here.

Cardiovascular Disease Pathophysiology

Cardiovascular disease involves several different processes that contribute to the pathological mechanism, including hyperglycemia, inflammation, atherosclerosis, hypertension and more. Vasculature stability plays a critical role in the development of the disease. Discover the latest research on cardiovascular disease pathophysiology here.