PMID: 8964903May 1, 1996Paper

Blood-brain barrier breakdown and increased intercellular adhesion molecule (ICAM-1/CD54) expression after Semliki Forest (A7) virus infection facilitates the development of experimental allergic encephalomyelitis

Journal of Neuroimmunology
J P ErälinnaR Salonen

Abstract

This report describes two mechanisms by which virus infection can facilitate demyelinating autoimmune inflammation in the murine CNS. In the BALB/c mouse model of experimental allergic encephalomyelitis (EAE), peripheral infection with an avirulent strain (A7) of Semliki Forest virus (SFV) increased the morbidity to EAE by infecting endothelial cells and damaging the blood-brain barrier (BBB). An influx of hematogenous CD18+ (LFA-1+ and MAC-1+) cells into the CNS compartment was followed by a local increase in intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1) expression on the vascular endothelium. Although SFV A7 infection without EAE induction caused multifocal cerebral vascular endothelial cell infection and BBB damage followed by cellular infiltration and transient increase of ICAM-1, inflammation and demyelination of CNS white matter with classical clinical signs of EAE was observed only in EAE-induced BALB/c mice, whereas the control mice remained neurologically healthy. The upregulation of ICAM-1 after virus infection was detected after the CD18+ (LFA-1+ and MAC-1+) cells had infiltrated the CNS both after EAE induction and also in nonsensitized control mice. The observed increase in ICAM-1 expression was transient in nonsensit...Continue Reading

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Citations

Apr 10, 2004·Journal of Clinical Virology : the Official Publication of the Pan American Society for Clinical Virology·Cheng-Hsien ChangRobert Anderson
Sep 10, 2008·The Journal of Experimental Medicine·Daniel R GettsNicholas J C King
Feb 1, 2006·Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology : RB&E·Frederick SchatzCharles J Lockwood
Jan 1, 2002·Tobacco Induced Diseases·D A Scott, R M Palmer
Jul 6, 2002·Journal of Neuroimmunology·Jean-Bernard Dietrich
Jan 8, 2008·The Journal of Immunology : Official Journal of the American Association of Immunologists·Jenny MiuNicholas H Hunt
Mar 7, 2008·The Journal of Immunology : Official Journal of the American Association of Immunologists·Alexandra ForsbachJörg Vollmer

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