Blood cadmium determinants among males over forty living in Mexico City

The Science of the Total Environment
Luisa E Torres-SánchezSergio Montes

Abstract

Mexico City has air, water and food pollution problems; however, human exposure to cadmium and its sources have not been described. To determine the blood cadmium (BCd) level and its main exposure sources among males aged 40 years or older living in different areas of Mexico City. After receiving informed consent, we interviewed 702 males aged ≥40 years to collect data on their sociodemographic characteristics, lifetime occupation, smoking history, and dietary habits, using a validated questionnaire. The BCd level (μg/L) was determined by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. The BCd mean level ± SD was 2.61 ± 0.82 μg/L, and 20% of men reported a potential cadmium occupational exposure. After adjusting for age and other potential confounders, the main determinants of the BCd level were the current smoking status at interview, with low (β≤8.5packs/year vs. non-smoker = 0.46; 95% CI: 0.28-0.64 μg/L; p < 0.01) and high (β> 8.5 packs/year vs. non-smoker = 0.71; 95% CI: 0.56-0.87 μg/L; p < 0.01) smoking intensity, and living in the Center (βCenter vs. South = 0.20; 95% CI: 0.02-0.37 μg/L; p = 0.02) or West area of the city (βWest vs. South = 0.40, 95% CI: 0.21-0.58 μg/L; p < 0.001). Moreover, the potential dietary sources of BCd incl...Continue Reading

Citations

Nov 5, 2020·Biometals : an International Journal on the Role of Metal Ions in Biology, Biochemistry, and Medicine·Mayra A Graniel-AmadorSergio Montes
Mar 16, 2021·Environmental Research·Dong-Wook LeeEunhee Ha
Aug 28, 2021·International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health·Patricia RojasAldo A Reséndiz-Albor

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