Blood gammadelta T cells, Campylobacter jejuni, and GM1 titers in Guillain-Barré syndrome

Muscle & Nerve
Stephen N ScelsaSally Liau

Abstract

The gammadelta T cells participate in microbial defense, are prevalent in intestinal epithelia, and are activated in autoimmune diseases. We studied whether peripheral blood gammadelta cells and gammadelta subsets are increased in Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) and whether elevations are associated with Campylobacter jejuni infection or GM1 elevations. In 20 GBS patients, we performed serial flow cytometry studies of blood gammadelta, Vdelta1, and Vdelta2 cells (+/- CD8+), C jejuni, and ganglioside titers. There was no significant difference in median gammadelta T-cell percentages between GBS patients and controls at onset and at convalescence. However, 5 patients had marked Vdelta1/CD8+ elevations. Elevated Vdelta1 or Vdelta1/CD8+ cells occurred in 3 of 6 patients with C jejuni or GM1 titer elevations. A minority of GBS patients have elevations of Vdelta1/CD8+ cells, possibly associated with elevated C jejuni or GM1 titers. The gammadelta T cells may have a cytotoxic (or suppressor) role in the disease.

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Citations

Oct 16, 2013·Clinical Reviews in Allergy & Immunology·Ilan Bank, Victoria Marcu-Malina
Jan 4, 2013·Journal of the Peripheral Nervous System : JPNS·Helmar C LehmannHans-Peter Hartung
Nov 8, 2005·Lancet·Richard A C Hughes, David R Cornblath
Jan 30, 2018·Cellular & Molecular Immunology·Yhojan RodríguezJuan-Manuel Anaya
May 26, 2021·Infection and Immunity·Sean M CallahanJeremiah G Johnson

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