Blood Glutamate Scavenger as a Novel Neuroprotective Treatment in Spinal Cord Injury

Journal of Neurotrauma
Yona GoldshmitAngela Ruban

Abstract

Neurotrauma causes immediate elevation of extracellular glutamate (Glu) levels, which creates excitotoxicity and facilitates inflammation, glial scar formation, and consequently neuronal death. Finding factors that reduce the inflammatory response and glial scar formation, and increase neuronal survival and neurite outgrowth, are of major importance for improving the outcome after spinal cord injury (SCI). In the present study, we evaluated a new treatment aiming to remove central nervous system (CNS) Glu into the systemic blood circulation by intravenous (IV) administration of blood Glu scavengers (BGS) such as the enzyme recombinant glutamate-oxaloacetate transaminase 1 (rGOT1) and its co-substrate. In this study we induced in mice an SCI (hemisection), and 1 h post-injury started administering BGS treatment for 5 consecutive days. The treatment reduced the expression levels of p-p38, which regulates apoptosis and increased the expression of p-Akt, which mediates cell survival. Moreover, this treatment decreased pro-inflammatory cytokine expression and microglia activation, reduced astrocytes' reactivity, and facilitated expression of radial glia markers such as Pax6 and nestin. BGS treatment increased the survival of neurons...Continue Reading

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Citations

Nov 30, 2019·Journal of Molecular Neuroscience : MN·Yuanyuan HeZhongying Chen
Dec 5, 2020·Communications Biology·Ahlem ZaghmiMarc A Gauthier

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
electrophoresis
fluorescence microscopy
PCR

Software Mentioned

ImageJ
GraphPad Prism
7300 System SDS RQ Study
Illustrator
Adobe Photoshop
AxioVision

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