Blood or body fluid exposures and HIV postexposure prophylaxis utilization among first responders.

Prehospital Emergency Care : Official Journal of the National Association of EMS Physicians and the National Association of State EMS Directors
Roland C MerchantBruce M Becker

Abstract

To estimate the incidence of first-responder visits to emergency departments (EDs) for blood or body fluid exposures, elucidate any temporal patterns of these visits, and quantify human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) postexposure prophylaxis (PEP) utilization for these exposures. This was a retrospective study of first responders presenting to Rhode Island EDs for blood or body fluid exposures from 1995 to 2001. Incidence rates for exposures with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated. Temporal trends for visits were modeled. Factors associated with HIV PEP utilization were identified using logistic regression. Odds ratios (ORs) with 95% CIs were estimated. The average incidence rate of ED visits for blood or body fluid exposures was 23.29 (20.07-26.52) ED visits per 100,000 ambulance runs. The incidence rose between 1995 and 1999 and then decreased. First-responder ED visits were lowest in October and highest in April and were lowest at 7 am and highest at 7 pm. First responders presenting with a percutaneous or blood-to-mucous membrane exposure had a 4.13 (1.82-8.89) greater odds and those exposed to a known HIV-infected source had a 9.03 (1.59-51.26) greater odds of being offered HIV PEP. First responders presenting to ...Continue Reading

References

Jan 1, 1988·The Journal of Emergency Medicine·M C Hochreiter, L L Barton
Jun 1, 1995·Annals of Emergency Medicine·R MarcusG D Kelen
Jan 1, 1993·The Journal of Emergency Medicine·E ReedM O Loveless
Sep 1, 1996·Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine·L CarrilloD J Lee
Feb 27, 2003·Infection Control and Hospital Epidemiology : the Official Journal of the Society of Hospital Epidemiologists of America·Marion GillenJames Cone
Jul 23, 2005·Prehospital Emergency Care : Official Journal of the National Association of EMS Physicians and the National Association of State EMS Directors·Winifred L BoalClara Sue Ross
Jan 8, 2008·Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes : JAIDS·Roland C MerchantKenneth H Mayer
May 30, 2008·Frontiers in Bioscience : a Journal and Virtual Library·Jennifer R O'Hara, Andre G Buret

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Citations

Jul 19, 2012·Journal of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene·Francis Fu-Sheng WuRobert Siebers
May 9, 2012·Infection Control and Hospital Epidemiology : the Official Journal of the Society of Hospital Epidemiologists of America·Lisa M RosenRoland C Merchant
Jul 30, 2011·Prehospital Emergency Care : Official Journal of the National Association of EMS Physicians and the National Association of State EMS Directors·Mazen El SayedK Sophia Dyer
Oct 28, 2019·Workplace Health & Safety·Riyadh A AlhazmiSijin Wen

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Related Concepts

Trending Feeds

COVID-19

Coronaviruses encompass a large family of viruses that cause the common cold as well as more serious diseases, such as the ongoing outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19; formally known as 2019-nCoV). Coronaviruses can spread from animals to humans; symptoms include fever, cough, shortness of breath, and breathing difficulties; in more severe cases, infection can lead to death. This feed covers recent research on COVID-19.

Blastomycosis

Blastomycosis fungal infections spread through inhaling Blastomyces dermatitidis spores. Discover the latest research on blastomycosis fungal infections here.

Nuclear Pore Complex in ALS/FTD

Alterations in nucleocytoplasmic transport, controlled by the nuclear pore complex, may be involved in the pathomechanism underlying multiple neurodegenerative diseases including Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Frontotemporal Dementia. Here is the latest research on the nuclear pore complex in ALS and FTD.

Applications of Molecular Barcoding

The concept of molecular barcoding is that each original DNA or RNA molecule is attached to a unique sequence barcode. Sequence reads having different barcodes represent different original molecules, while sequence reads having the same barcode are results of PCR duplication from one original molecule. Discover the latest research on molecular barcoding here.

Chronic Fatigue Syndrome

Chronic fatigue syndrome is a disease characterized by unexplained disabling fatigue; the pathology of which is incompletely understood. Discover the latest research on chronic fatigue syndrome here.

Evolution of Pluripotency

Pluripotency refers to the ability of a cell to develop into three primary germ cell layers of the embryo. This feed focuses on the mechanisms that underlie the evolution of pluripotency. Here is the latest research.

Position Effect Variegation

Position Effect Variagation occurs when a gene is inactivated due to its positioning near heterochromatic regions within a chromosome. Discover the latest research on Position Effect Variagation here.

STING Receptor Agonists

Stimulator of IFN genes (STING) are a group of transmembrane proteins that are involved in the induction of type I interferon that is important in the innate immune response. The stimulation of STING has been an active area of research in the treatment of cancer and infectious diseases. Here is the latest research on STING receptor agonists.

Microbicide

Microbicides are products that can be applied to vaginal or rectal mucosal surfaces with the goal of preventing, or at least significantly reducing, the transmission of sexually transmitted infections. Here is the latest research on microbicides.

Related Papers

International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health
Winifred L BoalJanine Jagger
Academic Emergency Medicine : Official Journal of the Society for Academic Emergency Medicine
R E O'ConnorJ K Bouzoukis
JAMA : the Journal of the American Medical Association
A L KellermannP Dobyns
© 2021 Meta ULC. All rights reserved