Body downsizing caused by non-consumptive social stress severely depresses population growth rate.

Proceedings. Biological Sciences
Eric EdelineL Asbjørn Vøllestad

Abstract

Chronic social stress diverts energy away from growth, reproduction and immunity, and is thus a potential driver of population dynamics. However, the effects of social stress on demographic density dependence remain largely overlooked in ecological theory. Here we combine behavioural experiments, physiology and population modelling to show in a top predator (pike Esox lucius) that social stress alone may be a primary driver of demographic density dependence. Doubling pike density in experimental ponds under controlled prey availability did not significantly change prey intake by pike (i.e. did not significantly change interference or exploitative competition), but induced a neuroendocrine stress response reflecting a size-dependent dominance hierarchy, depressed pike energetic status and lowered pike body growth rate by 23 per cent. Assuming fixed size-dependent survival and fecundity functions parameterized for the Windermere (UK) pike population, stress-induced smaller body size shifts age-specific survival rates and lowers age-specific fecundity, which in Leslie matrices projects into reduced population rate of increase (lambda) by 37-56%. Our models also predict that social stress flattens elasticity profiles of lambda to a...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jul 19, 2013·The Journal of Animal Ecology·Marianne MugaboJean-François Le Galliard
Feb 24, 2017·Journal of Experimental Zoology. Part A, Ecological and Integrative Physiology·Jonathan D MidwoodSteven J Cooke
Jan 30, 2021·Ecology Letters·Alix Bouffet-HalleEric Edeline

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