PMID: 18411182Sep 1, 1991Paper

Body weight, body fat, and ovulation

Trends in Endocrinology and Metabolism : TEM
R E Frisch

Abstract

Women with moderate weight loss (10%-15% of ideal weight) have secondary or primary amenorrhea. Athletic women also may have amenorrhea, or anovulatory cycles, though body weight may be in the normal range, since muscles are heavy (80% water compared with 5%-10% water in adipose tissue). The amenorrhea, which is usually reversible with weight gain, decreased exercise, or both, is due to hypothalamic dysfunction; the pituitary-ovary axis is intact, suggesting that this type of amenorrhea is adaptive, preventing an unsuccessful pregnancy. Evidence is presented that the high percentage of body fat (26%-28%) in mature women is necessary for regular ovulatory cycles and may influence reproductive ability directly: (a) as an extragonadal source of estrogen by aromatization of androgen to estrogen, (b) by influencing the direction of estrogen metabolism to more potent or less potent forms, or (c) by changes in the binding properties of sex-hormone-binding globulin. Indirect signals may be abnormal control of temperature and changes in energy metabolism that accompany excessive leanness.

Citations

Oct 15, 2008·International Journal of Obesity : Journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity·J R Speakman
Jul 28, 2010·The New England Journal of Medicine·Catherine M Gordon
Feb 8, 2014·Nutrition Journal·James P GranthamMaciej Henneberg
Jun 1, 2018·The Journal of Reproduction and Development·Maiko KobayashiTadashi Sankai
Jun 23, 2011·Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition·Helen PappaCatherine Gordon
Sep 1, 1993·Medicinal Research Reviews·X RemesarM Alemany
Jan 1, 1995·Postgraduate Medicine·Paul B Marshbun, Bruce R Carr
Feb 6, 1998·The Medical Journal of Australia·C L SmithB K Armstrong
Aug 27, 1993·Science·R E Frisch

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Related Concepts

Trending Feeds

COVID-19

Coronaviruses encompass a large family of viruses that cause the common cold as well as more serious diseases, such as the ongoing outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19; formally known as 2019-nCoV). Coronaviruses can spread from animals to humans; symptoms include fever, cough, shortness of breath, and breathing difficulties; in more severe cases, infection can lead to death. This feed covers recent research on COVID-19.

Blastomycosis

Blastomycosis fungal infections spread through inhaling Blastomyces dermatitidis spores. Discover the latest research on blastomycosis fungal infections here.

Nuclear Pore Complex in ALS/FTD

Alterations in nucleocytoplasmic transport, controlled by the nuclear pore complex, may be involved in the pathomechanism underlying multiple neurodegenerative diseases including Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Frontotemporal Dementia. Here is the latest research on the nuclear pore complex in ALS and FTD.

Applications of Molecular Barcoding

The concept of molecular barcoding is that each original DNA or RNA molecule is attached to a unique sequence barcode. Sequence reads having different barcodes represent different original molecules, while sequence reads having the same barcode are results of PCR duplication from one original molecule. Discover the latest research on molecular barcoding here.

Chronic Fatigue Syndrome

Chronic fatigue syndrome is a disease characterized by unexplained disabling fatigue; the pathology of which is incompletely understood. Discover the latest research on chronic fatigue syndrome here.

Evolution of Pluripotency

Pluripotency refers to the ability of a cell to develop into three primary germ cell layers of the embryo. This feed focuses on the mechanisms that underlie the evolution of pluripotency. Here is the latest research.

Position Effect Variegation

Position Effect Variagation occurs when a gene is inactivated due to its positioning near heterochromatic regions within a chromosome. Discover the latest research on Position Effect Variagation here.

STING Receptor Agonists

Stimulator of IFN genes (STING) are a group of transmembrane proteins that are involved in the induction of type I interferon that is important in the innate immune response. The stimulation of STING has been an active area of research in the treatment of cancer and infectious diseases. Here is the latest research on STING receptor agonists.

Microbicide

Microbicides are products that can be applied to vaginal or rectal mucosal surfaces with the goal of preventing, or at least significantly reducing, the transmission of sexually transmitted infections. Here is the latest research on microbicides.

Related Papers

Trends in Endocrinology and Metabolism : TEM
P Saenger, E O Reiter
Current Pain and Headache Reports
Katherine A Henry, Carl I Cohen
The Journal of Endocrinology
R Stanhope, C G Brook
© 2022 Meta ULC. All rights reserved