Bone age in children of diverse ethnicity

AJR. American Journal of Roentgenology
F K OntellT W Barlow

Abstract

Determination of skeletal or bone age is often used in pediatrics and orthopedics. The most commonly used bone age standards in the United States, those published by Greulich and Pyle, were derived from white children of the upper socioeconomic class in 1931-1942. We examined whether these standards apply to the current assessment of bone age in children of diverse ethnicity. Hand radiographs of children less than 19 years old at our institution were evaluated for bone age using the standards of Greulich and Pyle. Differences between bone age and chronologic age were calculated, and the mean differences were compared among subgroups of children on the basis of sex, age, and ethnicity. In Asian and white girls, bone age approximated chronologic age throughout childhood, with the only significant discrepancy being in adolescent white girls, in whom bone age exceeded chronologic age by an average of 4 months. In black girls, bone age exceeded chronologic age except during middle childhood. In late childhood and adolescence, bone age exceeded chronologic age by approximately 10 months. In Hispanic adolescent girls, bone age exceeded chronologic age by nearly 9 months. In black adolescent boys, bone age exceeded chronologic age by 5...Continue Reading

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