Botanical and Traditional Uses and Phytochemical, Pharmacological, Pharmacokinetic, and Toxicological Characteristics of Ziziphi Spinosae Semen : A Review

Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine : ECAM
Su-Rong HeChun-Jie Wu

Abstract

Ziziphi Spinosae Semen (ZS, the seeds of Ziziphus jujuba Mill. var. spinosa (Bunge) Hu ex H. F. Chou) is used as a traditional Chinese medicine referred to as Suan zao ren (). This paper aims to provide a systematic review of its traditional uses and its botanical, phytochemical, pharmacological, pharmacokinetic, and toxicological characteristics. The future development and research prospects for ZS have also been discussed in detail. To date, over 150 compounds have been identified in this plant, including terpenoids, alkaloids, flavonoids, fatty acids, volatile oils, polysaccharides, and others. Both extracts and purified compounds have excellent biological activities, especially sedative and hypnotic effects. Other effects include ameliorating effect of learning and memory, anti-inflammation, antioxidation, blood pressure and lipid lowering, antiaging, and antitumor effects. Thus, this traditional Chinese medicine can be used to treat many diseases such as insomnia, forgetfulness, headaches, and dizziness. Although many of the traditional uses of ZS are well established, the relationship between structure and function still needs to be further studied. In order to better pave the way for research and the establishment of qua...Continue Reading

References

Sep 21, 2000·Journal of Ethnopharmacology·W H PengJ Liao
Jun 29, 2007·The American Journal of Chinese Medicine·Xuedan HuangIsao Matsui-Yuasa
Nov 6, 2009·Journal of Ethnopharmacology·Tulika Mishra, Aruna Bhatia
May 25, 2012·Journal of Chromatography. B, Analytical Technologies in the Biomedical and Life Sciences·Changhui LiuNingsheng Wang
Mar 14, 2013·Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry·Qing-Han GaoMin Wang

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
sedation
PCR

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