Brain imaging in catatonia: current findings and a pathophysiologic model

CNS Spectrums
G Northoff

Abstract

Karl Ludwig Kahlbaum originally described catatonia as a psychomotor disease that encompassed motor, affective, and behavioral symptoms. In the beginning of the 20th century, catatonia was considered to be the motoric manifestation of schizophrenia; therefore, neuropathologic research mostly focused on neuroanatomic substrates (ie, the basal ganglia underlying the generation of movements). Even though some alterations were found in basal ganglia, the findings in these subcortical structures are not consistent. Recently, there has been a reemergence of interest into researching catatonia. Brain imaging studies have shown major and specific alterations in a right hemispheric neural network that includes the medial and lateral orbitofrontal and posterior parietal cortex. This neural network may be abnormally modulated by altered functional interactions between gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)-ergic and glutamatergic transmission. This may account for the interrelationship among motor, emotional, and behavioral alterations observed in both clinical phenomenology and the subjective experiences of patients with catatonia. Such functional interrelationships should be explored in further detail in catatonia, which may also serve as a par...Continue Reading

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Citations

Apr 20, 2017·PsyCh Journal·Yuliya ZaytsevaZhanna Garakh
Feb 13, 2019·Schizophrenia Bulletin·Dusan HirjakRobert C Wolf
Apr 28, 2009·The World Journal of Biological Psychiatry : the Official Journal of the World Federation of Societies of Biological Psychiatry·Gerald StoberPeter Riederer
Jun 17, 2020·Psychological Medicine·Alexandre HarocheAli Amad
Oct 13, 2016·Schizophrenia Bulletin·Sebastian WaltherKatharina Stegmayer
May 14, 2021·European Neuropsychopharmacology : the Journal of the European College of Neuropsychopharmacology·Jakob WasserthalDusan Hirjak

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