Brain oxygen, CO2, pH, and temperature monitoring: evaluation in the feline brain

Neurosurgery
A ZaunerH F Young

Abstract

Currently, no ideal method exists for monitoring the injured brain. Recently, a single, compact, fiberoptic sensor has become available for measuring oxygen, CO2, pH and temperature in blood. We have adapted this instrument for continuous use in brain tissue to measure oxygen tension, carbon dioxide tension (pCO2), pH, and temperature. To evaluate this new technique, we produced hypercapnia, hypocapnia, intracranial pressure increase, and hypoxemia in seven normal cats. In an additional six animals, sensors were placed within a zone of focal brain ischemia induced by occluding the left middle cerebral artery. The sensor readings were compared with cerebral blood flow measurements, intracranial pressure, and brain histological findings. An in vitro experiment was also performed using human blood to test the accuracy of the sensor over a wide range of pCO2 and oxygen tension values. After careful precalibration and rigid cranium fixation, stable measurements could be obtained throughout the 6- to 8-hour experiments. In normal animals, brain oxygen was 42 +/- 9 mm Hg, brain CO2 was 59 +/- 14 mm Hg, brain pH was 7.0 +/- 0.2, and brain temperature was 36.7 +/- 0.7 degrees C. Hypocapnia and hypoxemia produced a significant decline in...Continue Reading

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