Brain stimulation: new vistas for the exploration and treatment of tinnitus.

CNS Neuroscience & Therapeutics
Christian Plewnia

Abstract

Tinnitus, the perception of sounds or noise in the absence of auditory stimuli, is a frequent and often severely disabling symptom of different disorders of the auditory system. Attempts to develop evidence-based therapies have been thwarted by a poor understanding of the underlying pathophysiology. However, recent work points toward a pivotal role of maladaptive cortical reorganization in the generation and perpetuation of tinnitus. Changes in the representation of sounds, abnormalities of oscillatory activity, and hyperactivity in higher order areas of auditory processing have been linked with the perception of tinnitus. Brain stimulation techniques have entered the field and have opened exciting new perspectives for the modulation of dysfunctional brain activity. In this review, a comprehensive overview on the use of brain-stimulation techniques in the exploration and experimental treatment of tinnitus is provided. Noninvasive and invasive brain stimulation techniques, for example, transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), direct current stimulation (tDCS), and direct electrical cortical stimulation gave rise to a new line of investigation in tinnitus research. First, it has been shown that focal interference with presumably ...Continue Reading

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Citations

Apr 22, 2011·Journal of Neurology·Pierre GarinYves Vandermeeren
Nov 11, 2011·PloS One·Martin SchecklmannBerthold Langguth
May 24, 2013·Brain Topography·Thomas HartmannNathan Weisz
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May 15, 2013·Deutsches Ärzteblatt International·Peter M KreuzerBerthold Langguth

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