Brainstem neurons expressing c-Fos immunoreactivity following irritant chemical stimulation of the rat's tongue

Neuroscience
E CarstensR Ralph

Abstract

Many chemicals including nicotine, capsaicin and piperine (pungent chemicals in red and black peppers, respectively) evoke oral pain and irritation via largely unknown neural mechanisms. As a first step in defining the central pathway for oral chemical irritation, we have used an immunohistochemical method to map locations of brainstem neurons expressing the nuclear protein, c-Fos (a putative nociceptive marker), following application of various irritants to the tongue. In barbiturate-anesthetized rats, one of the following was applied to the dorsal surface of the tongue: nicotine (0.5%), capsaicin (0.1%), histamine (2 or 20%), piperine (0.2%), acetylcholine (10%) or vehicle control (0.9% saline, dH2O, 70% ethanol). After 2 h the rat was perfused with fixative and the brainstem removed, sectioned, and processed immunohistochemically. Following application of each irritant, fos-immunoreactive nuclei were consistently observed in the superficial dorsal horn of dorsomedial trigeminal nucleus caudalis (-3 to +0.5 mm relative to obex), interstitial (paratrigeminal) nucleus, and area postrema. Approximately equal numbers were observed bilaterally even with unilateral application to the tongue. Fos-immunoreactive nuclei were observed ...Continue Reading

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