Breath analysis for detection of viral infection, the current position of the field

Journal of Breath Research
Oliver GouldBen de Lacy Costello

Abstract

The COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted the importance of rapid, cost effective, accurate, and non-invasive testing for viral infections. Volatile compounds (VCs) have been suggested for several decades as fulfilling these criteria. However currently very little work has been done in trying to diagnose viral infections using VCs. Much of the work carried out to date involves the differentiation of bacterial and viral sources of infection and often the detection of bacterial and viral co-infection. However, this has usually been done in vitro and very little work has involved the use of human participants. Viruses hijack the host cell metabolism and do not produce their own metabolites so identifying virus specific VCs is at best a challenging task. However, there are proteins and lipids that are potential candidates as markers of viral infection. The current understanding is that host cell glycolysis is upregulated under viral infection to increase the available energy for viral replication. There is some evidence that viral infection leads to the increase of production of fatty acids, alkanes, and alkanes related products. For instance, 2,3-butandione, aldehydes, 2,8-dimethyl-undecane and n-propyl acetate have all been correlate...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jul 27, 2020·The New England Journal of Medicine·Bruce J TrombergFrancis S Collins
Oct 7, 2020·Journal of Breath Research·Joachim D PleilTerence H Risby
Feb 2, 2021·Expert Review of Molecular Diagnostics·Sphurti S AdigalSanthosh Chidangil
Apr 8, 2021·ACS Sensors·Giorgia GiovanniniDenis Garoli
Mar 23, 2021·Journal of Breath Research·Tommaso LomonacoFabio Di Francesco
Mar 25, 2021·Journal of Breath Research·Natalia DrabińskaBen De Lacy Costello
Apr 27, 2021·Microchemical Journal, Devoted to the Application of Microtechniques in All Branches of Science·Julia MartínAgustin G Asuero
May 18, 2021·Trends in Analytical Chemistry : TRAC·Justin H Griffin, Kevin M Downard
Jun 30, 2021·Nature Biotechnology·Peter Q NguyenJames J Collins
Jul 9, 2021·Frontiers in Veterinary Science·Biagio D'AnielloAnna Scandurra
Aug 4, 2021·Journal of Breath Research·Eva BorrasCristina E Davis
Dec 3, 2021·Mass Spectrometry Reviews·Rutuja H PatilVladimír Havlíček
Dec 7, 2021·Frontiers in Medicine·Nele Alexandra Ten HagenHolger Andreas Volk

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