Brevetoxin-2 induces an inflammatory response in an alveolar macrophage cell line

International Journal of Hygiene and Environmental Health
Kelli M Sas, John E Baatz

Abstract

Brevetoxins, the algal toxins produced by Karenia brevis during red tide blooms, adversely impact health following ingestion or inhalation. Inhalation of brevetoxins results in a variety of acute symptoms including coughing, wheezing, and shortness of breath. Analysis of manatee lungs following death by purported brevetoxicosis has identified brevetoxin accumulation within macrophages, with pathological manifestions of lung congestion, inflammation, and edema. The goals of this work were to specifically examine effects of brevetoxin-2 on alveolar macrophages, a key cell in responding to toxins in the lung, as well as to determine if brevetoxin-2 results in an inflammatory response and/or direct cytotoxicity. Exposure of an alveolar macrophage cell line (MH-S) to an environmentally and physiologically relevant dose of brevetoxin-2 (0.5microg/ml) did not significantly alter cellular growth over a 24h time period. However, exposure of MH-S cells to brevetoxin-2 for 6h increased phagocytosis of latex beads, increased secretion of interleukin (IL)-2, IL-4, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha, and decreased secretion of IL-5. Very few changes were seen in gene expression following 3 or 6h exposure to brevetoxin-2. These results show that...Continue Reading

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Citations

Sep 6, 2012·Drug and Chemical Toxicology·Misagh AlipourZacharias E Suntres
Sep 24, 2014·Quality of Life Research : an International Journal of Quality of Life Aspects of Treatment, Care and Rehabilitation·Sun SunKristina Burström
Jan 24, 2018·Toxicon : Official Journal of the International Society on Toxinology·Ophelie PierreRaphaele Le Garrec

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