Broad spectrum pesticide application alters natural enemy communities and may facilitate secondary pest outbreaks

PeerJ
Matthew P HillMichael A Nash

Abstract

Pesticide application is the dominant control method for arthropod pests in broad-acre arable systems. In Australia, organophosphate pesticides are often applied either prophylactically, or reactively, including at higher concentrations, to control crop establishment pests such as false wireworms and earth mite species. Organophosphates are reported to be disruptive to beneficial species, such as natural enemies, but this has not been widely assessed in Australian systems. Neither has the risk that secondary outbreaks may occur if the natural enemy community composition or function is altered. We examine the abundance of ground-dwelling invertebrate communities in an arable field over successive seasons under rotation; barley, two years of wheat, then canola. Two organophosphates (chlorpyrifos and methidathion) were initially applied at recommended rates. After no discernible impact on target pest species, the rate for chlorpyrifos was doubled to elicit a definitive response to a level used at establishment when seedling damage is observed. Invertebrates were sampled using pitfalls and refuge traps throughout the experiments. We applied measures of community diversity, principal response curves and multiple generalised linear m...Continue Reading

References

Jun 27, 2007·Pest Management Science·Michael A NashAry A Hoffmann
Oct 16, 2010·Ecological Applications : a Publication of the Ecological Society of America·Michael A NashLinda J Thomson
Nov 12, 2011·Ecological Applications : a Publication of the Ecological Society of America·Kevin Gross, Jay A Rosenheim
May 13, 2015·Environmental Science and Pollution Research International·Laure MalagnouxMagali Rault
Oct 17, 2015·Annual Review of Entomology·R N C GuedesN Desneux
Aug 12, 2016·Ecological Applications : a Publication of the Ecological Society of America·Adam R ZeilingerDavid A Andow

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Citations

Jan 27, 2018·Neotropical Entomology·J P Michaud
Jun 4, 2019·Experimental & Applied Acarology·Cirano Cruz MelvilleDaniel Junior Andrade
Jul 28, 2018·Pest Management Science·Xuemin WangLiping Ban
Mar 20, 2018·Natural Product Research·Jinzhong XuPinmei Wang
Sep 14, 2019·Insects·Kathleen L PrudicJeffrey C Oliver
Jan 7, 2021·Environmental Health Insights·Philipp StaudacherMirko S Winkler
Jun 9, 2020·Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety·Akanksha SharmaNeha Singla

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
dissection

Software Mentioned

R
R package “ mvabund ”
codyn
GEOD
Surfer©Ver
R package “ vegan

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