Broomcorn and foxtail millet were cultivated in Taiwan about 5000 years ago

Botanical Studies
Chen-Hwa TsangYue-Ie Caroline Hsing

Abstract

Archaeobotanical remains of millet were found at the Nan-kuan-li East site in Tainan Science Park, southern Taiwan. This site, dated around 5000-4300 BP, is characterized by remains of the Tapenkeng culture, the earliest Neolithic culture found so far in Taiwan. A large number of millet-like carbonized and charred seeds with varied sizes and shapes were unearthed from the site by the flotation method. Since no millet grain was ever found archaeologically in Taiwan previously, this discovery is of great importance and significance. This paper is in an attempt to further analyze these plant remains for a clearer understanding of the agricultural practice of the ancient inhabitants of the Nan-kuan-li East site. We used light and scanning electron microscopy to examine the morphological features of some modern domesticated and unearthed seeds to compare and identify the archaeobotanical remains by three criteria: caryopsis shape, embryo notch, and morphology of lemma and palea. We also developed a new methodology for distinguishing the excavated foxtail and broomcorn millet seeds. Two domesticated millet, including broomcorn millet (Panicum miliaceum) and foxtail millet (Setaria italica), as well as one wild millet species, yellow ...Continue Reading

References

Apr 23, 2009·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·Houyuan LuQuan Li
Aug 30, 2012·Nature Methods·Caroline A SchneiderKevin W Eliceiri
Nov 6, 2015·Scientific Reports·Xiaoyan YangHouyuan Lu

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Citations

Jul 6, 2020·Scientific Reports·Zhenhua DengTruman Simanjuntak
Nov 30, 2019·Molecules : a Journal of Synthetic Chemistry and Natural Product Chemistry·Song-Yu YinYann-Rong Lin

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