Brown but not white adipose cells synthesize omega-3 docosahexaenoic acid in culture

Prostaglandins, Leukotrienes, and Essential Fatty Acids
Xia QinJ Thomas Brenna

Abstract

Adipose tissue is a complex endocrine organ which coordinates several crucial biological functions including fatty acid metabolism, glucose metabolism, energy homeostasis, and immune function. Brown adipose tissue (BAT) is most abundant in young infants during the brain growth spurt when demands for omega-3 docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, 22:6n-3) is greatest for brain structure. Our aim was to characterize relative biosynthesis of omega-3 long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCPUFA) from precursors in cultured white (WAT) and brown (BAT) cells and study relevant gene expression. Mouse WAT and BAT cells were grown in regular DMEM media to confluence, and differentiation was induced. At days 0 and 8 cells were treated with albumin bound d5-18:3n-3 (d5-ALA) and analyzed 24h later. d5-ALA increased cellular eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA, 20:5n-3) and docosapentaenoic acid (DPA, 22:5n-3) in undifferentiated BAT cells, whereas differentiated BAT cells accumulated 20:4n-3, EPA and DPA. DHA as a fraction of total omega-3 LCPUFA was greatest in differentiated BAT cells compared to undifferentiated cells. Undifferentiated WAT cells accumulated EPA, whereas differentiated cells accumulated DPA. WAT accumulated trace newly synthesized DHA. Zic...Continue Reading

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Citations

Oct 14, 2016·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Chao-Wei HuangShih-Torng Ding
Apr 29, 2020·The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism·Oana C KultererFlorian W Kiefer
Jul 28, 2019·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Joan RibotMaria Luisa Bonet
Apr 18, 2018·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Margherita BottaMassimiliano Ruscica

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