PMID: 11332840May 3, 2001Paper

Bumble bee (Hymenoptera: Apidae) activity and pollination levels in commercial tomato greenhouses

Journal of Economic Entomology
L A MorandinP G Kevan

Abstract

Commercial greenhouse studies were conducted to assess levels of pollination of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) flowers in relation to bumble bee (Bombus impatiens Cresson) colony activity and colony densities. For the assessment of pollination levels of tomato flowers, five categories were defined based on bruising levels caused by bumble bee pollination. Colony activity was measured as bee trips per ha/d using electric powered photodiode monitors inserted into the hive entrance. Levels of pollination were positively correlated with bee activity levels, up to a mean of approximately 400 pollen grains per stigma per day, after which greater activity did not result in further increases in daily pollination levels. Densities of colonies in the commercial greenhouses studied ranged from 7.6 to 19.8 colonies per hectare with a mean of 11.6 +/- 0.9. We found that an average activity of 2,000 bee trips per hectare per day was more than adequate to ensure sufficient pollination, and that this level of activity could be achieved with 7-15 colonies per hectare, depending on greenhouse conditions. Greenhouses requiring >15 colonies per hectare to achieve this level of pollination may be able to increase bee activity through altera...Continue Reading

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Citations

Dec 18, 2009·Biological Reviews of the Cambridge Philosophical Society·Gidi Ne'emanAmots Dafni
Nov 16, 2013·Biochemistry. Biokhimii︠a︡·M Yu SyromyatnikovV N Popov
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Apr 5, 2020·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Yanjie LiuJiandong An
Oct 1, 2020·Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry·Allison A CampDavid M Lehmann
Feb 23, 2021·Journal of Economic Entomology·Hazel Cooley, Mario Vallejo-Marín
Apr 10, 2004·The Journal of Experimental Biology·Adrian G Dyer, Lars Chittka

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