Buprenorphine in the United States: Motives for abuse, misuse, and diversion

Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment
Howard D ChilcoatKelly E Dunn

Abstract

Opioid use disorder (OUD) and its consequences are a major public health concern. The partial agonist buprenorphine is a safe and effective treatment for OUD, but concerns about abuse, misuse, and diversion of buprenorphine have been raised. This narrative review examined the rates and motives for use of illicit buprenorphine in the United States. Findings from the 17 included studies suggest the majority of study participants using illicit buprenorphine do so for reasons related to misuse (to manage opioid withdrawal symptoms or achieve or maintain abstinence from other opioids). A smaller percentage of study respondents reported using buprenorphine for reasons related to abuse (to get high). There appears to be a gap between need for buprenorphine and access to adequate treatment. Attenuation of policy-related barriers and adoption of appropriate buprenorphine use by the treatment community are critical tools in the continued effort to reduce the burdens associated with OUD.

Citations

Nov 26, 2019·The Journal of Clinical Investigation·Nora D Volkow, Carlos Blanco
Nov 1, 2020·Drug and Alcohol Dependence·Claudia MariottiniIlkka Ojanperä
Nov 24, 2020·The American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse·Kirsten Elin SmithErin Winston
Aug 20, 2020·The International Journal on Drug Policy·Corey S Davis, Elizabeth A Samuels
Apr 29, 2021·The American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse·Kirsten E SmithDavid H Epstein
May 11, 2021·Annals of Emergency Medicine·Gail D'OnofrioKathryn F Hawk
Jun 8, 2021·Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment·Peter C TreitlerStephen Crystal
Jun 19, 2021·Journal of Psychosocial Nursing and Mental Health Services·Deborah SalaniBeth King
Jul 3, 2021·Drug and Alcohol Dependence·Mina AnsariAfarin Rahimi-Movaghar
Jul 25, 2021·Pharmacoepidemiology and Drug Safety·Mance E ButtramStevan Geoffrey Severtson

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