[Burn trauma. Part 1: pathophysiology, preclinical care and emergency room management].

Der Anaesthesist
T Trupkovic, G Giessler

Abstract

Severe burn injuries are rare and represent less than 1% of all medical emergencies. At the scene of the accident self-protection is important. The progress of thermal injury should be stopped, while cold water therapy is usually not indicated as the resulting hypothermia severely reduces the prognosis. A thorough body check reveals the burn size, depth and presence of co-injuries. Volume depletion is the main pathophysiological reason for burn shock. Early infusion therapy is of prognostic significance. Sufficient analgesia has to be established. Intubation is not generally indicated even with extensive burns, whereas early intubation can be life-saving in the case of circular thoracic burns, face burns and inhalation trauma. Local or systemic administration of corticosteroids is not indicated. Transfer to a specialized burn unit depends on burn size and depth. Emergency room management includes stabilization of vital functions, evaluation of co-injuries and initiation of the specific surgical and intensive care therapy.

References

Oct 1, 1985·Burns, Including Thermal Injury·O P Jakobsson, G Arturson
Feb 1, 1993·Annals of Emergency Medicine·A D Weinberg
Jan 1, 1996·Shock·K Z ShiraniB A Pruitt
Nov 21, 1996·The New England Journal of Medicine·W W Monafo
Feb 1, 1997·Burns : Journal of the International Society for Burn Injuries·Y SawadaK Ishita
Mar 1, 1997·Burns : Journal of the International Society for Burn Injuries·B G Sparkes
Jul 1, 1997·Pediatric Surgery International·S E WolfD N Herndon
Mar 20, 2001·Der Chirurg; Zeitschrift für alle Gebiete der operativen Medizen·S Lönnecker, V Schoder
Sep 18, 2001·Emergency Medicine Journal : EMJ·H L AshworthK M Sim
Mar 14, 2003·Anästhesiologie, Intensivmedizin, Notfallmedizin, Schmerztherapie : AINS·R Klose
Apr 23, 2004·Der Chirurg; Zeitschrift für alle Gebiete der operativen Medizen·G A GiesslerM Sauerbier
Feb 3, 2006·Acta Anaesthesiologica Scandinavica·H FlaattenS Aardal

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Citations

Feb 24, 2010·Wiener klinische Wochenschrift·Ulrich ThalerPhilipp G H Metnitz
Apr 28, 2017·Deutsches Ärzteblatt International·Axel FrankeChristoph Güsgen

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