Bursts of transcranial electrical stimulation increase arousal in a continuous performance test

Neuropsychologia
Piercarlo MauriDebora Brignani

Abstract

Arousal reflects a state of generalised physiological activation, and its key role in cognition and behaviour has been extensively described. The regulation of arousal is controlled by specific nuclei located in the brainstem that contain widely distributed projections to the cortex and form the arousal systems. In humans, arousal has been commonly studied and modulated through behavioural paradigms, whereas in animals, direct electrical stimulation has been used to confirm the important role of these widely distributed structures. Recent evidence suggests that it might be possible to use transcranial electrical stimulation (tES) to non-invasively induce currents in the brainstem regions of the brain. Therefore, we hypothesise that, using a specific electrode arrangement, it might be possible to employ tES to stimulate subcortical-cortical neuromodulatory networks, inducing modulation of general arousal. The aim of the present study was to determine if it is possible to increase arousal during a discriminative reaction times (RTs) task, through the application of tES, to improve the subjects' performance. We developed 3 experiments: Experiment 1 validated the behavioural task, which was an adapted version of the continuous perf...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jul 31, 2019·Brain Sciences·Fares Al-ShargieHasan Al-Nashash
May 23, 2019·Frontiers in Human Neuroscience·Tad T BrunyéNathan Ward
Jul 26, 2021·Neuropsychologia·Marco EspositoDebora Brignani

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