Buruli ulcer: The Efficacy of Innate Immune Defense May Be a Key Determinant for the Outcome of Infection With Mycobacterium ulcerans

Frontiers in Microbiology
Katharina Röltgen, Gerd Pluschke

Abstract

Buruli ulcer (BU) is a neglected, tropical infectious disease of the skin and the subcutaneous tissue caused by Mycobacterium ulcerans. This pathogen has emerged as a new species from a common ancestor with Mycobacterium marinum by acquisition of the virulence plasmid pMUM. The plasmid encodes enzymes required for the synthesis of the macrolide toxin mycolactone, which has cytotoxic and immunosuppressive activities. In advanced BU lesions, extracellular clusters of M. ulcerans reside in necrotic subcutaneous tissue and are protected from infiltrating leukocytes by the cytotoxic activity of secreted mycolactone. Several lines of evidence indicate that elements of the innate immune system eliminate in many cases the initial inoculum before bacterial clusters can form and that therefore exposure to M. ulcerans leads only in a minority of individuals to the characteristic chronic necrotizing BU lesions. It is assumed that phagocytes play a key role in early host defense against M. ulcerans. Antibodies against bacterial surface structures seem to have less potential to enhance innate immunity than T H 1 cell responses. Precise innate and adaptive immune effector mechanisms leading to protective immunity are however unclear, compli...Continue Reading

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Citations

Feb 20, 2021·Immunological Reviews·Caroline Demangel
Feb 23, 2021·Frontiers in Immunology·Julie A BrothwellStanley M Spinola

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
biopsies

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Buruli ulcer is a progressive disease of subcutaneous tissues caused by mycobacterium ulcerans. Here is the latest research.

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