Calcifying nanoparticles (nanobacteria): an additional potential factor for urolithiasis in space flight crews

Urology
Jeffrey A JonesDonald Griffith

Abstract

Spaceflight-induced microgravity appears to be a risk factor for the development of urinary calculi, resulting in urolithiasis during and after spaceflight. Calcifying nanoparticles, or nanobacteria, multiply more rapidly in simulated microgravity and create external shells of calcium phosphate. The question arises whether calcifying nanoparticles are nidi for calculi and contribute to the development of clinically significant urolithiasis in those who are predisposed to the development of urinary calculi because of intrinsic or extrinsic factors. This case report describes a calculus recovered after flight from an astronaut that, on morphologic and immunochemical analysis (including specific monoclonal antibody staining), demonstrated characteristics of calcifying nanoparticles.

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Citations

May 23, 2012·International Journal of Nanomedicine·Yanan GuoXuecheng Shen
Jan 10, 2014·International Journal of Nanomedicine·Ming-jun ZhangDe-chun Zhang
Apr 15, 2011·International Journal of Urology : Official Journal of the Japanese Urological Association·Hiromi KumonKen-ichi Tomochika
Jan 20, 2011·BJU International·Shrawan K SinghSumit Sharma
Sep 14, 2013·Nanomedicine : Nanotechnology, Biology, and Medicine·Hiromi KumonAkira Matsumoto
Jan 28, 2015·Indian Journal of Urology : IJU : Journal of the Urological Society of India·Nitin AbrolAntony Devasia

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