Calcium-channel modulators for cardiovascular disease

Expert Opinion on Emerging Drugs
Théophile Godfraind

Abstract

It is generally accepted that hypertension doubles the risk of cardiovascular disease, of which coronary heart disease is the most common and lethal. Hypertension is a predisposing factor for the development of stroke, peripheral arterial disease, heart failure and end-state renal disease. Atherosclerosis-causing coronary heart disease is related to the severity of hypertension. Inhibition of calcium entry reduces the active tone of vascular smooth muscle and produces vasodilatation. This pharmacological action has been the basis for the use of calcium-channel blockers (CCBs) for the management of hypertension. Other drug families may achieve this: diuretics, beta-blockers, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, angiotensin-receptor antagonists. Cardiovascular hypertrophy and atherosclerosis are major complications related to high blood pressure. Cardiac hypertrophy is considered as an independent risk factor associated with abnormalities of diastolic function and can result in heart failure. Atherosclerosis is associated with activation of innate immunity. Atherosclerosis is expressing itself not only as coronary heart disease, but as a cerebrovascular and peripheral arterial disease. By impairing physiological vasomotor fu...Continue Reading

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Citations

Oct 17, 2008·Neurocritical Care·Salvatore SalomoneJohn Randall Sims
Jun 1, 2011·European Journal of Nutrition·Ajay Machha, Alan N Schechter
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Jan 21, 2021·The Korean Journal of Internal Medicine·Hack-Lyoung Kim

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