Calcium sensitization mechanisms in detrusor smooth muscles

Journal of Basic and Clinical Physiology and Pharmacology
Irfan Anjum

Abstract

The contraction of detrusor smooth muscles depends on the increase in intracellular calcium. The influx of calcium from the plasma membrane calcium channels and calcium release from the sarcoplasmic reticulum give rise to intracellular calcium. Under the pathophysiological conditions, the increased sensitivity of regulatory and contractile proteins to calcium also plays an important role in maintaining the spontaneous detrusor smooth muscle activity. Many proteins have been identified to play a role in calcium sensitization. Both the protein kinase C (PKC) and Rho-kinase (ROCK) signaling pathways are responsible for the induction of calcium sensitization in the detrusor smooth muscles. The balance between the myosin light chain kinase (MLCK) and myosin light chain phosphatase (MLCP) regulates the intracellular calcium-contractile force relationship. The inhibition of MLCP by PKC-mediated phosphatase inhibitor (CPI-17) and myosin phosphatase target subunit (MYPT-1) phosphorylation by both the PKC and ROCK are responsible for calcium sensitization in the detrusor smooth muscles. However, the ROCK pathway predominantly participates in the calcium sensitization induction under pathophysiological situations. Many kinases are well kn...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jan 26, 2021·American Journal of Physiology. Renal Physiology·Péter József MolnárZoltán Benyó
Feb 23, 2021·Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews·Joël BrunnerGerrit Borchard

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