Calcium signalling during neural induction in Xenopus laevis embryos

Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological Sciences
Marc MoreauCatherine Leclerc

Abstract

In Xenopus, experiments performed with isolated ectoderm suggest that neural determination is a 'by default' mechanism, which occurs when bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) are antagonized by extracellular antagonists, BMP being responsible for the determination of epidermis. However, Ca(2+) imaging of intact Xenopus embryos reveals patterns of Ca(2+) transients which are generated via the activation of dihydropyridine-sensitive Ca(2+) channels in the dorsal ectoderm but not in the ventral ectoderm. These increases in the concentration of intracellular Ca(2+)([Ca(2+)]i) appear to be necessary and sufficient to orient the ectodermal cells towards a neural fate as increasing the [Ca(2+)]i artificially results in neuralization of the ectoderm. We constructed a subtractive cDNA library between untreated and caffeine-treated ectoderms (to increase [Ca(2+)]i) and then identified early Ca(2+)-sensitive target genes expressed in the neural territories. One of these genes, an arginine methyltransferase, controls the expression of the early proneural gene, Zic3. Here, we discuss the evidence for the existence of an alternative model to the 'by default' mechanism, where Ca(2+) plays a central regulatory role in the expression of Zic3, an ...Continue Reading

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Citations

Feb 22, 2011·Neurochemical Research·Jun Aruga, Katsuhiko Mikoshiba
May 16, 2013·Nature Communications·Costis PapanayotouClaudio D Stern
Jan 15, 2008·Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological Sciences·Michael Whitaker, Jim Smith
Feb 12, 2008·Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological Sciences·Michael Whitaker
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Sep 18, 2021·Zygote : the Biology of Gametes and Early Embryos·Ho Chi LeungSarah E Webb

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