Calcium spirulan derived from Spirulina platensis inhibits herpes simplex virus 1 attachment to human keratinocytes and protects against herpes labialis

The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology
Julia MaderKristian Reich

Abstract

Chronic infections with herpes simplex virus (HSV) type 1 are highly prevalent in populations worldwide and cause recurrent oral lesions in up to 40% of infected subjects. We investigated the antiviral activity of a defined Spirulina platensis microalga extract and of purified calcium spirulan (Ca-SP), a sulfated polysaccharide contained therein. The inhibitory effects of HSV-1 were assessed by using a plaque reduction assay and quantitative PCR in a susceptible mammalian epithelial cell line and confirmed in human keratinocytes. Time-of-addition and attachment experiments and fluorescence detection of the HSV-1 tegument protein VP16 were used to analyze the mechanism of HSV-1 inhibition. Effects of Ca-SP on Kaposi sarcoma-associated herpesvirus/human herpes virus 8 replication and uptake of the ORF45 tegument protein were tested in human retinal pigment epithelial cells. In an observational trial the prophylactic effects of topically applied Ca-SP were compared with those of systemic and topical nucleoside analogues in 198 volunteers with recurrent herpes labialis receiving permanent lip makeup. Ca-SP inhibited HSV-1 infection in vitro with a potency at least comparable to that of acyclovir by blocking viral attachment and pen...Continue Reading

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Citations

Apr 20, 2017·Journal of Fish Diseases·M ReichertC Lindenberger
Aug 5, 2017·Natural Product Research·Diah Anggraini WulandariPuji Budi Setia Asih
Jun 4, 2019·Marine Drugs·Justine DemayBenjamin Marie
Nov 30, 2019·Molecules : a Journal of Synthetic Chemistry and Natural Product Chemistry·Guillaume PierrePhilippe Michaud
Feb 11, 2021·Marine Drugs·António PagareteVítor Verdelho
Oct 30, 2020·Scientific Reports·Yangli XuLaijin Su
Feb 5, 2021·Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology·Krishnaraju MadavarajuDeepak Shukla
Nov 12, 2020·Molecules : a Journal of Synthetic Chemistry and Natural Product Chemistry·Gianmaria Fabrizio FerrazzanoTiziana Cantile
Apr 4, 2021·Biomolecules·Hanna Mazur-MarzecKrzysztof Pyrć
Aug 10, 2020·Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy = Biomédecine & Pharmacothérapie·Zi-Hao LiuXin-Huan Wan

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