Calculation of end-tidal carbon dioxide fractions in the Bain system

Acta Anaesthesiologica Scandinavica
L O Jonsson, H Zetterström

Abstract

The validity of the Stenqvist-Sonander formula for calculating the end-expiratory fraction of carbon dioxide (FACO2) in the coaxial Mapleson D (Bain) systems was evaluated using a lung model for simulated spontaneous breathing with an optional respiratory wave form. Two different respiratory flow patterns were used, one representing relaxed breathing in a volunteer and one resembling the respiration found in halothane anaesthesia. Each pattern was used with five different fresh gas flows and three different respiratory rates. The formula was found to be quite accurate when the flow pattern of an awake volunteer was simulated, but it underestimated the observed FETCO2 value by about 10% in halothane breathing. It is concluded that the formula can be recommended for use in theoretical and educational situations but that it is too complicated for application in clinical practice.

References

Jan 1, 1978·Canadian Anaesthetists' Society Journal·W E SpoerelJ A Bain
Dec 1, 1977·British Journal of Anaesthesia·C M ConwayP K Barnes
Feb 1, 1987·Acta Anaesthesiologica Scandinavica·L O Jonsson, H Zetterström
Apr 1, 1985·Acta Anaesthesiologica Scandinavica·H ZetterströmH Kronander
Apr 1, 1985·Acta Anaesthesiologica Scandinavica·L O Jonsson, H Zetterström
Jun 1, 1983·British Journal of Anaesthesia·G Meakin, A L Coates
Mar 1, 1984·British Journal of Anaesthesia·O Stenqvist, H Sonander
Sep 1, 1954·British Journal of Anaesthesia·W W MAPLESON
Apr 1, 1964·British Journal of Anaesthesia·G A HARRISON

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Citations

Oct 20, 2001·FASEB Journal : Official Publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology·H AtamnaB N Ames

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