Calixarenes with host-mediated potency in experimental tuberculosis: further evidence that macrophage lipids are involved in their mechanism of action.

Infection and Immunity
Philip D HartE Brodaty

Abstract

Some time ago, it was found that attachment of hydrophilic polyoxyethylene chains to various hydrophobic phenols and alcohols gave water-soluble products which, although inactive in vitro, influenced and experimental tuberculous infection. With short chains the infection was suppressed, and with long chains it was promoted. Later work concentrated on Macrocyclon (short chain) and HOC-60 (long chain), both derived from a hydrophobic, polyphenolic calixarene. Growth of Mycobacterium tuberculosis inside macrophages (M phi) was inhibited by Macrocyclon and stimulated by HOC-60. Also, triglyceride lipase from M phi extracts and an extracellular phospholipase were inhibited by Macrocyclon and stimulated by HOC-60. This suggestion of a mechanism has been strengthened by the finding that M phi cultivated in monolayers and treated with Macrocyclon showed accumulation of lipid and little formation of fatty acid after incubation of killed cells. With HOC-60, lipid was depleted and much fatty acid was found.

References

Mar 1, 1989·Journal of Leukocyte Biology·S Yui, M Yamazaki
Jan 15, 1971·International Journal of Cancer. Journal International Du Cancer·R L CarterJ A Stock
Mar 1, 1955·British Journal of Pharmacology and Chemotherapy·J W CORNFORTHJ A STOCK
Jul 2, 1965·Science·M S Moskowitz, A A Moskowitz

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Citations

Dec 22, 2006·PloS One·Olivier NeyrollesBrigitte Gicquel
Dec 14, 2011·Chemical Communications : Chem Comm·Carl RedshawAnja Mueller
Oct 4, 2012·Chemical Society Reviews·Satish Balasaheb Nimse, Taisun Kim
May 23, 2012·The Journal of Infectious Diseases·Sahil MahajanPawan Gupta
Jan 17, 2012·Organic & Biomolecular Chemistry·Manishkumar B PatelShobhana K Menon
Mar 26, 2008·Chemical Communications : Chem Comm·Ruth LalorSusan E Matthews
Nov 11, 2020·Molecules : a Journal of Synthetic Chemistry and Natural Product Chemistry·Dmitriy N ShurpikPeter J Cragg

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Related Concepts

Trending Feeds

COVID-19

Coronaviruses encompass a large family of viruses that cause the common cold as well as more serious diseases, such as the ongoing outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19; formally known as 2019-nCoV). Coronaviruses can spread from animals to humans; symptoms include fever, cough, shortness of breath, and breathing difficulties; in more severe cases, infection can lead to death. This feed covers recent research on COVID-19.

Blastomycosis

Blastomycosis fungal infections spread through inhaling Blastomyces dermatitidis spores. Discover the latest research on blastomycosis fungal infections here.

Nuclear Pore Complex in ALS/FTD

Alterations in nucleocytoplasmic transport, controlled by the nuclear pore complex, may be involved in the pathomechanism underlying multiple neurodegenerative diseases including Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Frontotemporal Dementia. Here is the latest research on the nuclear pore complex in ALS and FTD.

Applications of Molecular Barcoding

The concept of molecular barcoding is that each original DNA or RNA molecule is attached to a unique sequence barcode. Sequence reads having different barcodes represent different original molecules, while sequence reads having the same barcode are results of PCR duplication from one original molecule. Discover the latest research on molecular barcoding here.

Chronic Fatigue Syndrome

Chronic fatigue syndrome is a disease characterized by unexplained disabling fatigue; the pathology of which is incompletely understood. Discover the latest research on chronic fatigue syndrome here.

Evolution of Pluripotency

Pluripotency refers to the ability of a cell to develop into three primary germ cell layers of the embryo. This feed focuses on the mechanisms that underlie the evolution of pluripotency. Here is the latest research.

Position Effect Variegation

Position Effect Variagation occurs when a gene is inactivated due to its positioning near heterochromatic regions within a chromosome. Discover the latest research on Position Effect Variagation here.

STING Receptor Agonists

Stimulator of IFN genes (STING) are a group of transmembrane proteins that are involved in the induction of type I interferon that is important in the innate immune response. The stimulation of STING has been an active area of research in the treatment of cancer and infectious diseases. Here is the latest research on STING receptor agonists.

Microbicide

Microbicides are products that can be applied to vaginal or rectal mucosal surfaces with the goal of preventing, or at least significantly reducing, the transmission of sexually transmitted infections. Here is the latest research on microbicides.