Can the 'yin and yang' BDNF hypothesis be used to predict the effects of rTMS treatment in neuropsychiatry?

Medical Hypotheses
Andre Russowsky BrunoniFelipe Fregni

Abstract

Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) is a novel technique of non-invasive brain stimulation which has been used to treat several neuropsychiatric disorders such as major depressive disorder, chronic pain and epilepsy. Recent studies have shown that the therapeutic effects of rTMS are associated with plastic changes in local and distant neural networks. In fact, it has been suggested that rTMS induces long-term potentiation (LTP) and long-term depression (LTD) - like effects. Besides the initial positive clinical results; the effects of rTMS are still mixed. Therefore new tools to assess the effects of plasticity non-invasively might be useful to predict its therapeutic effects and design novel therapeutic approaches using rTMS. In this paper we propose that brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) might be such a tool. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor is a neurotrophin that plays a key role in neuronal survival and synaptic strength, which has also been studied in several neuropsychiatric disorders. There is robust evidence associating BDNF with the LTP/LTD processes, and indeed it has been proposed that BNDF might index an increase or decrease of brain activity - the 'yin and yang' BDNF hypothesis. In this arti...Continue Reading

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Citations

Mar 19, 2009·Journal of Neuroengineering and Rehabilitation·Nadia BologniniFelipe Fregni
Aug 26, 2014·American Journal of Preventive Medicine·Gustavo Turecki
Oct 11, 2019·Therapeutic Advances in Neurological Disorders·Francesco FisicaroManuela Pennisi
May 4, 2011·International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric Research·André Russowsky Brunoni, Felipe Fregni

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