Capillary Imbibition into Converging Tubes: Beating Washburn's Law and the Optimal Imbibition of Liquids

Langmuir : the ACS Journal of Surfaces and Colloids
Jean-Baptiste GorceDominic Vella

Abstract

We consider the problem of capillary imbibition into an axisymmetric tube for which the tube radius decreases in the direction of increasing imbibition. For tubes with constant radius, imbibition is described by Washburn's law (referred to here as the BCLW law to recognize the contributions of Bell, Cameron, and Lucas that predate Washburn). We show that imbibition into tubes with a power-law relationship between the radius and axial position generally occurs more quickly than imbibition into a constant-radius tube. By a suitable choice of the shape exponent, it is possible to decrease the time taken for the liquid to imbibe from one position to another by a factor of 2 compared to the BCLW law. We then show that a further small decrease in the imbibition time may be obtained by using a tube consisting of a cylinder joined to a cone of 3 times the cylinder length. For a given inlet radius, this composite shape attains the minimum imbibition time possible. We confirm our theoretical results with experiments on the tips of micropipettes and discuss the possible significance of these results for the control of liquid motion in microfluidic devices.

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Citations

Mar 15, 2016·Langmuir : the ACS Journal of Surfaces and Colloids·Peter L L WallsJames C Bird
Sep 23, 2016·Langmuir : the ACS Journal of Surfaces and Colloids·Aditya BudarajuSupreet Singh Bahga
Aug 27, 2016·Scientific Reports·Misato YahashiKo Okumura
May 6, 2017·Langmuir : the ACS Journal of Surfaces and Colloids·Nelly HobeikaJean Dubessy
Nov 18, 2017·Soft Matter·Rodrigo Ledesma-AguilarDominic Vella
Apr 4, 2017·The European Physical Journal. E, Soft Matter·S AshrafJ Phirani
Mar 9, 2019·Physical Review Letters·Alexander T BradleyDominic Vella
Mar 11, 2021·The New Phytologist·Nami HaSang Joon Lee
Jun 12, 2018·Langmuir : the ACS Journal of Surfaces and Colloids·Dong FengJinchuan Hu
Aug 22, 2020·Langmuir : the ACS Journal of Surfaces and Colloids·Julie Andre, Ko Okumura

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