Carbon dioxide-catalyzed peroxynitrite reactivity - The resilience of the radical mechanism after two decades of research

Free Radical Biology & Medicine
Ohara AugustoRafael Radi

Abstract

Peroxynitrite, ONOO-, formed in tissues that are simultaneously generating NO• and O2•-, is widely regarded as a major contributor to oxidative stress. Many of the reactions involved are catalyzed by CO2 via formation of an unstable adduct, ONOOC(O)O-, that undergoes O-O bond homolysis to produce NO2• and CO3•- radicals, whose yields are equal at about 0.33 with respect to the ONOO- reactant. Since its inception two decades ago, this radical-based mechanism has been frequently but unsuccessfully challenged. The most recent among these [Serrano-Luginbuehl et al. Chem. Res. Toxicol.31:721-730; 2018] claims that ONOOC(O)O- is stable, predicts a yield of NO2•/CO3•- of less than 0.01 under physiological conditions and, contrary to widely accepted viewpoints, suggests that radical generation is inconsequential to peroxynitrite-induced oxidative damage. Here we review the experimental and theoretical evidence that support the radical model and show this recently proposed alternative mechanism to be incorrect.

References

Nov 1, 1992·Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics·L ZhuJ S Beckman
Feb 1, 1990·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·J S BeckmanB A Freeman
Feb 15, 1993·The Biochemical Journal·R RadiB A Freeman
Mar 15, 1996·Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics·R M UppuW A Pryor
Sep 1, 1996·Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics·A GowH Ischiropoulos
Jan 1, 1997·Free Radical Biology & Medicine·W A PryorG L Squadrito
May 5, 1998·Chemical Research in Toxicology·G Merényi, J Lind
Feb 23, 1999·Chemical Research in Toxicology·S GoldsteinG Merényi
Apr 10, 1999·The Journal of Biological Chemistry·M G BoniniO Augusto
Apr 25, 2000·Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics·C X SantosO Augusto
Aug 24, 2000·Chemical Research in Toxicology·S Goldstein, G Czapski
Jun 21, 2001·Chemical Research in Toxicology·S GoldsteinG Merényi
Sep 18, 2001·Chemical Research in Toxicology·S GoldsteinG Merényi
Feb 28, 2002·Journal of Biological Inorganic Chemistry : JBIC : a Publication of the Society of Biological Inorganic Chemistry·Roger MeliWillem H Koppenol
Jul 18, 2002·Chemical Research in Toxicology·Giuseppe L Squadrito, William A Pryor
Jun 10, 2003·Inorganic Chemistry·Gábor MerényiSara Goldstein
Oct 19, 2004·Chemical Research in Toxicology·Horacio BottiRafael Radi
Mar 21, 2006·Chemical Research in Toxicology·Alina A Papina, Willem H Koppenol
Nov 16, 2007·Inorganic Chemistry·Manuel SturzbecherWillem H Koppenol
Feb 6, 2018·Chemical Reviews·Gerardo Ferrer-SuetaRafael Radi
Jul 25, 2018·Chemical Research in Toxicology·Sandra Serrano-LuginbuehlWillem H Koppenol

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Citations

Jul 16, 2019·Chemical Communications : Chem Comm·Daniela R TruzziPeter C Ford
Aug 2, 2019·The Journal of Biological Chemistry·Daniela R TruzziOhara Augusto
Nov 2, 2019·The Journal of Biological Chemistry·Clare L Hawkins, Michael J Davies
Aug 15, 2019·The Journal of Biological Chemistry·Matías N MöllerBeatriz Alvarez
Jul 30, 2020·Nitric Oxide : Biology and Chemistry·Peter C Ford, Katrina M Miranda
Oct 27, 2020·Frontiers in Chemistry·Adam SikoraBalaraman Kalyanaraman
Jun 3, 2021·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Charlotta Bengtson, Annemie Bogaerts
Sep 10, 2019·Chemical Reviews·Ari ZeidaRafael Radi

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Related Concepts

Trending Feeds

COVID-19

Coronaviruses encompass a large family of viruses that cause the common cold as well as more serious diseases, such as the ongoing outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19; formally known as 2019-nCoV). Coronaviruses can spread from animals to humans; symptoms include fever, cough, shortness of breath, and breathing difficulties; in more severe cases, infection can lead to death. This feed covers recent research on COVID-19.

Blastomycosis

Blastomycosis fungal infections spread through inhaling Blastomyces dermatitidis spores. Discover the latest research on blastomycosis fungal infections here.

Nuclear Pore Complex in ALS/FTD

Alterations in nucleocytoplasmic transport, controlled by the nuclear pore complex, may be involved in the pathomechanism underlying multiple neurodegenerative diseases including Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Frontotemporal Dementia. Here is the latest research on the nuclear pore complex in ALS and FTD.

Applications of Molecular Barcoding

The concept of molecular barcoding is that each original DNA or RNA molecule is attached to a unique sequence barcode. Sequence reads having different barcodes represent different original molecules, while sequence reads having the same barcode are results of PCR duplication from one original molecule. Discover the latest research on molecular barcoding here.

Chronic Fatigue Syndrome

Chronic fatigue syndrome is a disease characterized by unexplained disabling fatigue; the pathology of which is incompletely understood. Discover the latest research on chronic fatigue syndrome here.

Evolution of Pluripotency

Pluripotency refers to the ability of a cell to develop into three primary germ cell layers of the embryo. This feed focuses on the mechanisms that underlie the evolution of pluripotency. Here is the latest research.

Position Effect Variegation

Position Effect Variagation occurs when a gene is inactivated due to its positioning near heterochromatic regions within a chromosome. Discover the latest research on Position Effect Variagation here.

STING Receptor Agonists

Stimulator of IFN genes (STING) are a group of transmembrane proteins that are involved in the induction of type I interferon that is important in the innate immune response. The stimulation of STING has been an active area of research in the treatment of cancer and infectious diseases. Here is the latest research on STING receptor agonists.

Microbicide

Microbicides are products that can be applied to vaginal or rectal mucosal surfaces with the goal of preventing, or at least significantly reducing, the transmission of sexually transmitted infections. Here is the latest research on microbicides.

Related Papers

Journal of Biological Inorganic Chemistry : JBIC : a Publication of the Society of Biological Inorganic Chemistry
Roger MeliWillem H Koppenol
Chemical Research in Toxicology
S V Lymar, J K Hurst
© 2022 Meta ULC. All rights reserved