Carbon nitrides and metal nanoparticles: from controlled synthesis to design principles for improved photocatalysis

Chemical Society Reviews
Ivo F TeixeiraPedro H C Camargo

Abstract

The use of sunlight to drive chemical reactions via photocatalysis is of paramount importance towards a sustainable future. Among several photocatalysts, earth-abundant polymeric carbon nitride (PCN, often wrongly named g-C3N4) has emerged as an attractive candidate due to its ability to absorb light efficiently in the visible and near-infrared ranges, chemical stability, non-toxicity, straightforward synthesis, and versatility as a platform for constructing hybrid materials. Especially, hybrids with metal nanoparticles offer the unique possibility of combining the catalytic, electronic, and optical properties of metal nanoparticles with PCN. Here, we provide a comprehensive overview of PCN materials and their hybrids, emphasizing heterostructures with metal nanoparticles. We focus on recent advances encompassing synthetic strategies, design principles, photocatalytic applications, and charge-transfer mechanisms. We also discuss how the localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) effect of some noble metals NPs (e.g. Au, Ag, and Cu), bimetallic compositions, and even non-noble metals NPs (e.g., Bi) synergistically contribute with PCN in light-driven transformations. Finally, we provide a perspective on the field, in which the un...Continue Reading

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Citations

Apr 18, 2019·Dalton Transactions : an International Journal of Inorganic Chemistry·Atul VermaYen-Pei Fu
Jan 11, 2020·Chemical Society Reviews·Xiao WangHongjie Zhang
Jul 2, 2020·Photochemical & Photobiological Sciences : Official Journal of the European Photochemistry Association and the European Society for Photobiology·Niri WuXiaojing Wang
May 11, 2019·Molecules : a Journal of Synthetic Chemistry and Natural Product Chemistry·Asif HayatWenxiu Lv
Sep 6, 2020·Molecules : a Journal of Synthetic Chemistry and Natural Product Chemistry·Irene Barba-NietoAnna Kubacka
Dec 12, 2020·Faraday Discussions·Felippe M ColombariIvo F Teixeira
Nov 9, 2018·Journal of Colloid and Interface Science·Xing-Liang YinJian-Min Dou
Jun 15, 2019·Environmental Science & Technology·Dengjun WangChunming Su
Jan 19, 2019·Journal of the American Chemical Society·Yuting XiaoHonggang Fu
Nov 17, 2021·Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics : PCCP·Mrigank Singh Verma, Manabendra Chandra

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
surface plasmon resonance
thermal treatment
X-ray
surface-enhanced Raman scattering
electron exchange
FRET
transmission electron microscopy

Software Mentioned

MOPAC2016

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