Carbon speciation in ash, residual waste and contaminated soil by thermal and chemical analyses

Waste Management
Jurate KumpieneHolger Ecke

Abstract

Carbon in waste can occur as inorganic (IC), organic (OC) and elemental carbon (EC) each having distinct chemical properties and possible environmental effects. In this study, carbon speciation was performed using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), chemical degradation tests and the standard total organic carbon (TOC) measurement procedures in three types of waste materials (bottom ash, residual waste and contaminated soil). Over 50% of the total carbon (TC) in all studied materials (72% in ash and residual waste, and 59% in soil) was biologically non-reactive or EC as determined by thermogravimetric analyses. The speciation of TOC by chemical degradation also showed a presence of a non-degradable C fraction in all materials (60% of TOC in ash, 30% in residual waste and 13% in soil), though in smaller amounts than those determined by TGA. In principle, chemical degradation method can give an indication of the presence of potentially inert C in various waste materials, while TGA is a more precise technique for C speciation, given that waste-specific method adjustments are made. The standard TOC measurement yields exaggerated estimates of organic carbon and may therefore overestimate the potential environmental impacts (e.g. landf...Continue Reading

References

Mar 7, 2002·Environmental Science & Technology·Jian Zhen YuHong Yang
Apr 16, 2002·Waste Management·Stefano FerrariPeter Baccini
Dec 10, 2002·Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association·Kochy FungJohn G Watson
Dec 13, 2006·Bioresource Technology·Paul SchwabM K Banks
Aug 11, 2007·Waste Management·Holger Ecke, Malin Svensson
Apr 9, 2009·Environmental Science & Technology·André Van ZomerenRob N J Comans

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Citations

May 23, 2015·Waste Management & Research : the Journal of the International Solid Wastes and Public Cleansing Association, ISWA·A IlyasM Persson
Dec 30, 2020·The Science of the Total Environment·Yunhui ZhangYaolin Yi

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