PMID: 11923066Mar 30, 2002Paper

Carcinogenicity, mutagenicity and teratogenicity of manganese compounds

Critical Reviews in Oncology/hematology
G B GerberPh Hantson

Abstract

Manganese, an essential trace element, is one of the most used metals in the industry. Recently, several new manganese compounds have been introduced as fungicide, as antiknock agent in petrol and as contrasting agent in nuclear magnetic resonance tomography. Manganese displays a somewhat unique behaviour with regard to its toxicity. It is relatively non-toxic to the adult organism except to the brain where it causes Parkinson-like symptoms when inhaled even at moderate amounts over longer periods of time. Relatively high doses of manganese affect DNA replication and repair in bacteria and causes mutations in microorganism and mammalian cells although the Ames test does not appear to be particularly responsive to manganese. In mammalian cells, manganese causes DNA damage and chromosome aberrations. Information on organic manganese derivatives is still insufficient. Large amounts of manganese affect fertility in mammals and are toxic to the embryo and foetus. The fungicide MANEB and the contrasting agent MnDPDP also can be embryotoxic, but the latter only at doses much higher than those clinically employed. Information on the anti-knock agent MMT is inadequate. On the other hand, manganese deficiency can also affect fertility an...Continue Reading

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