Cardiac function and dysfunction in the fetus

Echocardiography
Luke Eckersley, L K Hornberger

Abstract

Evaluation of fetal cardiac function is one of the most important components of fetal echocardiography. Fetal cardiac dysfunction is closely linked to risk of intrauterine fetal demise, in many, but not all cases is indicative of worse postnatal prognosis and may prompt the use of medications or interventions to optimize outcomes. There may be implications for termination versus continuation of pregnancy, an indication for early delivery, a change in location and even mode of delivery. In extreme cases, fetal cardiac dysfunction may prompt prenatal or early neonatal listing for cardiac transplantation. There are several important differences between the fetal and postnatal circulatory physiology which affect echocardiographic assessment of cardiac dysfunction. In this review, we examine the echocardiographic findings according to their underlying pathophysiology with reference to common causes.

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Citations

Nov 12, 2020·Annals of Biomedical Engineering·Chi Wei OngChoon Hwai Yap
Mar 6, 2021·Journal of Ultrasound in Medicine : Official Journal of the American Institute of Ultrasound in Medicine·Jeongeun Lee, Hyunjin Cho
Nov 3, 2021·Journal of Ultrasound in Medicine : Official Journal of the American Institute of Ultrasound in Medicine·Juanjuan LiuMingxing Xie

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