Cardiac Mesenchymal Stem Cells Proliferate Early in the Ischemic Heart
Abstract
Cardiac mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) could stimulate cell-specific regenerative mechanisms after myocardial infarction (MI) depending on spatial origin, distribution, and niche regulation. We aimed at identifying and isolating tissue-specific cardiac MSCs that could contribute to regeneration. Following permanent ligation of the left anterior descending coronary artery in rats (n = 16), early cardiac tissues and cardiac mononuclear cells (MNCs) were analyzed by immunohistology, confocal laser scanning microscopy, and flow cytometry, respectively. Early postischemic specific MSCs were purified by fluorescence-activated cell sorting, cultivated under standardized culture conditions, and tested for multipotent differentiation in functional identification kits. Cardiac MSC niches were detected intramyocardially in cell clusters after MI and characterized by positive expression for vimentin, CD29, CD44, CD90, CD105, PDGFRα, and DDR2. Following myocardial ischemia, proliferation was induced early and proliferation density was approximately 11% in intramyocardial MSC clusters of the peri-infarction border zone. Cluster sizes increased by 157 and 64% in the peri-infarction and noninfarcted areas of infarcted hearts compared with nonin...Continue Reading
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