Cardiac potassium channels in health and disease

Trends in Cardiovascular Medicine
A M Brown

Abstract

Cardiac K(+)currents regulate resting membrane potential and action potential duration. These tasks are accomplished for the most part by four membrane currents: an inwardly rectifying current (I(K1)), a transient outward current (I(To)), and rapid (I(Kr)), and slow (I(Ks)) delayed rectifier currents. Recent studies have revealed far greater complexity at the molecular level. I(K1) may be produced by at least three genes from the Kir 2 subfamily of the supergene Kir family. The remaining currents appear to be produced by the supergene Kvα family, sometimes in association with the cytoplasmic protein Kvβ family. I(To) may be produced by the Kv4 subfamily, but members of the Kv1 subfamily could contribute, particularly if associated with Kvβ genes. Very rapid currents could be produced by Kv1.5, but Kvs 1.2 and 2.1 might also participate. Additional levels of complexity are possible because members within a Kv subfamily may form heterotetramers, and these, in turn, may associate with different Kvβs. The situation may be simpler for I(Kr) and I(Ks), which at present appear to be produced by the Kv HER gene and the KvLQT1 gene, respectively. Mutations of these two genes have been linked to two forms of hereditary long QT syndrome, ...Continue Reading

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Citations

Feb 28, 2004·Trends in Cardiovascular Medicine·J Xu, M Li
Feb 28, 2004·Trends in Cardiovascular Medicine·J BarhaninM Lazdunski
Aug 12, 1999·Clinical and Experimental Allergy : Journal of the British Society for Allergy and Clinical Immunology·C PrattR Ahlbrandt
Jun 28, 2006·The Journal of General Physiology·Rocio K Finol-UrdanetaHeinrich Terlau
Apr 7, 1998·The American Journal of Medicine·S C Hebert
Oct 8, 2004·American Journal of Physiology. Cell Physiology·Srinivas M TipparajuAruni Bhatnagar
Nov 22, 2000·American Journal of Physiology. Heart and Circulatory Physiology·L BianchiA M Brown

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