Cardinal points and generalizations

Ophthalmic & Physiological Optics : the Journal of the British College of Ophthalmic Opticians (Optometrists)
W F Harris

Abstract

In the presence of astigmatism a focal point typically becomes the well-known interval of Sturm with its pair of axially-separated orthogonal line singularities. The same is true of nodal points except that the issues are more complicated: a nodal point may become a nodal interval with a pair of nodal line singularities, but they are not generally orthogonal, and it is possible for there to be only one line singularity or even none at all. The effect of astigmatism on principal points is the motivation behind this paper. The three classes of cardinal points are defined in the literature in a disjointed fashion. Here a unified approach is adopted, phrased in terms of rays and linear optics, in which focal, nodal and principal points are defined as particular cases of a large class of special structures. The special structures arising in the presence of astigmatism turn out to be described by mathematical expressions of the same form as those that describe nodal structures. As a consequence everything that holds for nodal points, lines and other structures now extends to all other special points as well, including principal points and the lesser-known anti-principal and anti-nodal points. Thus the paper unifies Gauss's and Listin...Continue Reading

References

Jan 1, 1990·Vision Research·L N ThibosP A Howarth
Jan 1, 1986·Ophthalmic & Physiological Optics : the Journal of the British College of Ophthalmic Opticians (Optometrists)·W F Long, G C Woo
Feb 1, 1980·European Journal of Clinical Investigation·S BazinA Delaunay
Jun 1, 1997·Optometry and Vision Science : Official Publication of the American Academy of Optometry·W F Harris
Oct 30, 1999·Toxicological Sciences : an Official Journal of the Society of Toxicology·S L BornL D Lehman-McKeeman
Sep 10, 2002·Journal of Pediatric Nursing·Shira Katz
Aug 16, 2005·Progress in Retinal and Eye Research·Gerald Westheimer
Dec 18, 1964·Science·D Brouwer
Apr 4, 2009·Optometry and Vision Science : Official Publication of the American Academy of Optometry·William F Harris
Nov 4, 2009·Optometry and Vision Science : Official Publication of the American Academy of Optometry·William F Harris
May 7, 2010·Ophthalmic & Physiological Optics : the Journal of the British College of Ophthalmic Opticians (Optometrists)·W F Harris
May 7, 2010·Ophthalmic & Physiological Optics : the Journal of the British College of Ophthalmic Opticians (Optometrists)·W F Harris

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Citations

Sep 3, 2011·Ophthalmic & Physiological Optics : the Journal of the British College of Ophthalmic Opticians (Optometrists)·William F Harris
Mar 13, 2016·Clinical & Experimental Optometry : Journal of the Australian Optometrical Association·David A Atchison, Larry N Thibos
Jun 7, 2011·Vision Research·William F Harris
Mar 28, 2017·Ophthalmic & Physiological Optics : the Journal of the British College of Ophthalmic Opticians (Optometrists)·Tanya Evans, William F Harris

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Related Concepts

Related Feeds

Anxiety Disorders

Discover the latest research on anxiety disorders including agoraphobia, panic disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder, and post-traumatic stress disorder here.

Related Papers

Vision Research
J M Hillis, M S Banks
Ophthalmic & Physiological Optics : the Journal of the British College of Ophthalmic Opticians (Optometrists)
W F Harris
Optometry and Vision Science : Official Publication of the American Academy of Optometry
W F Harris
© 2021 Meta ULC. All rights reserved