Cardiopulmonary responses to eccentric and concentric resistance exercise in older adults

Age and Ageing
Alberto F VallejoFred R Sattler

Abstract

In older ambulatory persons, exercise strategies that are expected to generate beneficial muscle adaptations with low cardiopulmonary demands are needed. We hypothesised that eccentric resistance exercise would be less demanding on the cardiovascular and pulmonary systems than bouts of concentric resistance exercise. The effects of eccentric and concentric resistance exercise were compared during leg squats at a submaximal intensity known to increase muscle mass. 19 Older persons (15 women/four men, age 65 +/- 4 years) and 19 young reference controls (10 women/nine men; age 25 +/- 2 years) were enrolled. Participants completed eccentric-only and concentric-only exercise bouts 5-7 days apart. Cardiovascular and pulmonary measures were collected from subjects during bouts consisting of three sequential sets of 10 repetitions at 65% of their voluntary concentric 1-repetition maximum force (68+/-16 kg for older participants and 94 +/- 36 kg for young participants). Peak heart rate (119 +/- 10 versus 155 +/- 16 b.p.m.), systolic blood pressure (129 +/- 18 versus 167 +/- 14 mmHg), cardiac index (7.8 +/- 2.0 versus 9.2 +/- 1.5 l/min/m2) and expired ventilation (20.5 +/- 5.7 versus 29.8 +/- 9.1 l/min) were significantly lower during ec...Continue Reading

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