Cardiotrophin-1 in choroid plexus and the cerebrospinal fluid circulatory system
Abstract
There is a growing recognition of choroid plexus functioning as a source of neuropeptides, cytokines and growth factors in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) with diffusional access into brain parenchyma. In this study, choroid plexus and other components of the CSF circulatory system were investigated by Western blotting, reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction and immunohistochemistry for production of interleukin-6-related cytokines characterized by neuroactivity [cardiotrophin-1 (CT-1), ciliary neurotrophic factor, leukemia inhibitory factor, oncostatin M] and signaling through the gp130/leukemia inhibitory factor receptor-beta receptor heterodimer. Western blot analysis showed that CT-1 was the only cytokine family member detectable in adult rat choroid plexus, as in leptomeninges. The specificity of detection was verified with blots of the same tissues from CT-1-deficient mice. Levels of both CT-1 mRNA and protein were constitutively high in rat from birth through adulthood in choroid plexus, up-regulated postnatally in leptomeninges and undetectable in brain parenchyma. Using antigen retrieval, CT-1 immunolocalized to choroid epithelial cells in all choroid plexuses in addition to leptomeninges (arachnoid and pial-glial m...Continue Reading
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Review of functional in vitro models of the blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier in leukaemia research.
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