Cardiovascular and Hepatic Toxicity of Cocaine: Potential Beneficial Effects of Modulators of Oxidative Stress

Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity
Manuela GrazianiLuciano Saso

Abstract

Oxidative stress (OS) is thought to play an important role in the pharmacological and toxic effects of various drugs of abuse. Herein we review the literature on the mechanisms responsible for the cardiovascular and hepatic toxicity of cocaine with special focus on OS-related mechanisms. We also review the preclinical and clinical literature concerning the putative therapeutic effects of OS modulators (such as N-acetylcysteine, superoxide dismutase mimetics, nitroxides and nitrones, NADPH oxidase inhibitors, xanthine oxidase inhibitors, and mitochondriotropic antioxidants) for the treatment of cocaine toxicity. We conclude that available OS modulators do not appear to have clinical efficacy.

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Citations

Jul 2, 2017·Clinical Science·Young-Mi Go, Dean P Jones
Jul 22, 2018·Journal of Applied Toxicology : JAT·Huynh Nhu MaiHyoung-Chun Kim
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Aug 8, 2021·Molecules : a Journal of Synthetic Chemistry and Natural Product Chemistry·Adamantios KrokosGeorgios Theodoridis

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
MDA
deamination

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